¹What time is it? That simple question probably is asked more often today than ever. In our clock‐studded, cell‐phone society, the answer is never more than a glance away, and so we can blissfully partition our days into ever smaller increments for ever more tightly scheduled tasks, confident that we will always  know it is 7:03 P.M.

    Modern scientific revelations about time, however, make the question endlessly frustrating. If we seek a precise knowledge of the time, the elusive infinitesimal of “now” dissolves into a scattering flock of nanoseconds. Bound by the speed of light and the velocity of nerve impulses, our perceptions of the present sketch the world as it was an instant ago—for all that our consciousness pretends otherwise, we can never catch up.

    Even in principle, perfect synchronicity escapes us. Relativity dictates that, like a strange syrup, time flows slower on moving trains than in the stations and faster in the mountains than in the valleys. The time for our wristwatch or digital screen is not exactly the same as the time for our head.

    Our intuitions are deeply paradoxical. Time heals all wounds, but it is also the great destroyer. Time is relative but also relentless. There is time for every purpose under heaven, but there is never enough.

Scientific American, October 24, 2014. Adaptado.

(FUVEST 2019 1° FASE) No texto, a pergunta “What time is it?” (ref. 1), inserida no debate da ciência moderna sobre a noção de tempo,

 We are now a nation obsessed with the cult of celebrity. Celebrities have replaced the classic notion of the hero. But instead of being respected for talent, courage or intelligence, it is Money, style and image the deciding factors in what commands respect. Image is everything. Their image is painstakingly constructed by a multitude of diferente image consultants to carve out the most profitable celebrity they can. Then society is right behind them, believing in everything that celebrity believes in. Companies know that people will buy a product if a celebrity has it too. It is as if the person buying the product feels that They now have some kind of connection with the celebrity and that some of their perceived happiness will now be passed onto the consumer. So to look at it one way, the cult of celebrity is really nothing more than a sophisticated marketing scheme. Celebrities though cannot be blamed for alll negative aspects of society. In reality society is to blame. We are the people who seemed to have lost the ability to think for ourselves. I suppose it’s easier to be told what to think, rather than callenging what we are told. The reason we are swamped by celebrity is because there is a demand for it.

Disponível em: www.pitlanemagazine.com

Acesso em: 7 dez. 2017 (adaptado)

O texto, que aborda questões referentes ao tema de culto à celebridade, tem o objetivo de

As pregações de Maomé não agradaram a grupos importantes, politicamente, da sociedade árabe. Suas concepções e crenças:

A figura abaixo representa a resposta imunitária de uma criança vacinada contra determinada doença, conforme recomendação dos órgãos públicos de saúde.

Após a dose de reforço, a resposta imunitária da criança é mais rápida, porque: 

(FUVEST 2009 1ª FASE) Um fabricante de cristais produz três tipos de taças para servir vinho. Uma delas tem o bojo no formato de uma semiesfera de raio r; a outra, no formato de um cone reto de base circular de raio 2r e altura h; e a última, no formato de um cilindro reto de base circular de raio x e altura h.

Sabendo-se que as taças dos três tipos, quando completamente cheias, comportam a mesma quantidade de vinho, é correto afirmar que a razão x/h é igual a: