Sociedad responsable, medios responsables

[1]   Con vertiginosidad se aprecia cómo el mundo es

invadido por los medios de comunicación de masas, que cobran

una relevancia especial gracias a los avances tecnológicos. La

[4] familia y la escuela pierden fuerza socializadora al mismo

tiempo que la ganan los medios de comunicación. Esta realidad

implica un desafío para los padres, la familia y la

[7] administración pública ya que la responsabilidad socializadora

es, por igual, de todos los agentes sociales, también de quienes

controlan el poder de los medios de comunicación y de las

[10] grandes cadenas de televisión. Nadie duda de la

responsabilidad legal de los medios de comunicación, pero

poco se habla de su responsabilidad moral y socializadora, de

[13] la importancia que sus mensajes y actuaciones poseen para

quebrar la pasividad, para incitar a la participación ciudadana.

Se hace urgente e imprescindible unir esfuerzos para que los

[16] grandes problemas del mundo en el siglo XXI, que

generalmente tienen que ver con la solidaridad y el respeto,

tanto hacia las personas como hacia el medio ambiente, estén

[19] presentes con criterios de interés global en los medios de

comunicación.

Internet: <www.uhu.es/cine> (con adaptaciones).

Con respecto a las ideas y estructuras del texto anterior, juzgue lo ítem siguiente.

Los posesivos “su” (l.12) y “sus” (l.13) se refieren al mismo poseedor dentro del texto.

 (CFTMG) — Sendo y = , a metade do valor de y vale:

(ITA) New York City closed several blocks of Broadway in 2009 to create a pedestrian plaza around Times Square – a much-publicized experiment that in February became permanent policy, even though it did not improve traffic flow as much as hoped. The Big Apple has also dabbled in shorter-term but larger-scale street closures, barring cars on a stretch of streets leading from the Brooklyn Bridge to Central Park on a series of summer Saturdays in 2008 and 2009. And on June 7, New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg announced a somewhat less sexy but nonetheless significant change in the city’s infrastructure, instituting dedicated bus-only lanes on Manhattan’s East Side to speed transit up and down the island.

Each of the measures instituted in the U.S.’s largest city turns over what had been primarily automotive-ruled space to pedestrians, cyclists or mass transit. In doing so the city follows a trend that has caught on in Europe and Latin America – in some cases long ago – but that has been slow to take root in the U.S. If New York and other American cities such as Portland, Ore., prove to be on the vanguard domestically, the changes there could portend a shift in the way urbanites in the U.S. use their streets in the years and decades to come.

“It clearly is a trend,” says Lester Brown, president of the nonprofit Earth Policy Institute in Washington, D.C. “I think there are many cities that are ahead on this. Several years ago I was in Stockholm, and already there were many blocks where cars were banned.”

Brown points to Enrique Peñalosa, who served as mayor of Bogotá, Colombia, from 1998 to 2001, as a pioneer in the kinds of changes now reaching the U.S. “He’s the one who really redefined things when he took office,” Brown says. The city’s bus rapid transit (BRT) network, TransMilenio, is in many ways more like a subway system, with its own median-protected lanes and station platforms for loading and unloading passengers. Similar BRT systems have sprung up in places such as Mexico City and Ahmedabad, India, giving over lanes of the road exclusively to bus traffic.

“Thinking about why these kinds of reclamation make sense, I always talk about the spatial efficiency of walking, biking and buses,” says Paul White, executive director of the New York City nonprofit advocacy group Transportation Alternatives. “When you think about what cities are, they are defined by their density – by definition the space between buildings is limited.” The car, he adds, is the lowest density mode of transportation; that is, a person traveling by car takes up far more space than someone on a bicycle or on a bus. “In many respects cities are all the same in terms of supply and demand,” White says. “There’s always more demand for street use than there are streets.”

Looking forward, White sees a more malleable future for the way streets are used. With retractable barriers, city planners can create socalled time-flexible streets, which might be open to vehicle traffic during part of the day and pedestrian-only at other times. “You’re accommodating peak use – that could be peak deliveries in the morning and peak pedestrian use during lunchtime,” he says. “That’s something I think you’ll see more of, and something we're pushing for.”

By John Matson June 15, 2010,http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=car-free-streets,Acesso em 19/06/2010 (adapted)

As expressões em negrito nas orações a seguir, extraídas do primeiro parágrafo,

I. …even though it did not improve traffic flow as much as hoped.

II ... but nonetheless significant change in the city’s infrastructure, ... podem ser substituídas, respectivamente, por 

Bolas de borracha, ao caírem no chão, quicam várias vezes antes que parte da sua energia mecânica seja dissipada. Ao projetar uma bola de futsal, essa dissipação deve ser observada para que a variação na altura máxima atingida após um número de quiques seja adequada às práticas do jogo. Nessa modalidade é importante que ocorra grande variação para um ou dois quiques. Uma bola de massa igual a 0,40 kg é solta verticalmente de uma altura inicial de 1,0 m e perde, a cada choque com o solo, 80% de sua energia mecânica. Considere desprezível a resistência do ar e adote g = 10 m/s2.

O valor da energia mecânica final, em joule, após a bola quicar duas vezes no solo, será igual a

(ENEM 2012 2ª APLICAÇÃO) Buscar melhorar as habilidades de movimento, encarar as dificuldades que se apresentam em um jogo, propor-se a correr o risco de ganhar ou de perder são requisitos que tornam um jogador mais hábil a cada dia e um ser humano mais competente. Saber lidar com o erro e a derrota como processo de evolução para vencer e atingir metas é outro fator positivo da competição esportiva. Ao participar de um jogo acontece de se errar um arremesso, um chute a gol, um passe ao colega, mas pode-se dizer que é possível crescer através das falhas e da derrota, com as quais se aprende a superar as decepções e tirar proveito do erro como aprendizado para novas tentativas.

BREGOLATO, R. A. Cultura corporal do esporte. São Paulo: Ícone, 2007 (adaptado).

O esporte é um fenômeno social que pode ser praticado nos mais variados contextos. O texto o apresenta como uma forma de manifestação da atividade física que: