(FUVEST 2019 1° FASE) Se a função f: ℝ – {2}  → ℝ é definida por   e a função g : ℝ – {2} → ℝ é definida por g(x) = f(f(x)), então g(x) é igual a

TEXTO I

Em denúncia recebida pela Inquisição de Lisboa, em 1715, aparece como réu Vicente Morais, negro umbundu, forro, soldado, natural de Angola. Ele foi acusado de guardar com ele um “santinho” de igreja e produzir “bolsas de mandingas” feitas de chita. Nunca tirava uma delas da cintura, por acreditar que o protegia dos perigos.

PANTOJA, S. Terra do Pecado. Revista Nossa História. São Paulo: Editora Vera Cruz,2006.

TEXTO II

O capitão Manoel de Freitas, branco, português, na tentativa de curar-se de uma enfermidade, seguia os preceitos de um feiticeiro ambundo, participando de rituais que incluíam a adoração a bode e o sacrifício de um bezerro. Testemunhas confirmaram que o militar tentava curar uma perna doente, mal que o feiticeiro atribuía à alma penada de sua falecida mulher.

O Capitão e o Mandingueiro. Revista Nossa História. Ano 3, nº 32, junho de 2006 (adaptado). VOT2021

A mistura de práticas religiosas no Brasil colonial foi uma estratégia utilizada pela sociedade da época para

(IFBA) O mineral esfalerita, composto de sulfeto de zinco (ZnS), é usado em telas de raios X e tubos de raios catódicos, pois emite luz por excitação causada por feixe de elétrons. Uma das etapas da obtenção do metal pode ser representada pela seguinte equação química não balanceada:

ZnO_(s) + ….. SO_2(g) → ….. ZnS_(s) + ….. O_2(g)

Nessa equação, se o coeficiente estequiométrico da esfalerita for 2, os coeficientes estequiométricos, em números mínimos e inteiros, do oxigênio, do óxido de zinco e do dióxido de enxofre serão, respectivamente:

(UFSM) Reducing climate change is good for your health

⁷More ‘climate-friendly’ investments in transport, energy and housing could help prevent significant noncommunicable disease, WHO review finds

 Washington, D.C., 14 June 2011 (PAHO/WHO) – ⁶Greener investments in transport, housing and household energy policies can help prevent significant cardiovascular and chronic respiratory disease, obesity-related conditions and cancers.

 These are among the findings of ¹⁰a new global World Health Organization series that looks systematically, for the first time ever, at the health ‘co-benefits’ of investments in climate change mitigation reviewed by the lntergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).

 Overall, ⁴sustainable development policies in housing, transport, and household energy may benefit health right away – even if the broader climate gains are realized over years or decades.

 ⁵“Some climate change mitigation measures yield broader health gains than others,” says Dr Maria Neira, director of WHO’s Department of Public Health and Environment. “Potential health benefits – as well as certain risks – should be considered more systematically in climate assessments. And if that is done, we can identify strategies that are truly win-win.”

 ²Many forms of asthma and allergies, as well as heart disease and strokes related to increasingly intense heat waves and cold spells could be addressed by more climate-friendly housing measures, the report finds.

 As ⁸other examples of ‘best buys’ for health, initial findings from reviews of other sectors identify considerable evidence that:

 — ¹Investments in, and use of, safe walking/cycling and public transport networks are strongly associated with more healthy physical activity, lower rates of premature mortality, and less obesity. However, the last IPCC report focuses on better fuels and engines as mitigation measures, giving little attention to the much wider benefits offered by policies that favour walking, cycling and public transport. This neglects the broader range of health and social benefits that can be derived from adopting more sustainable transport.

— ³Deaths of more than 1 million people annually from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) due to indoor air pollution from traditional biomass and coal-fired stoves are largely avoidable with more energy efficient stoves. An estimated 15% of this burden in Latin American and Sub-Saharan African could potentially be averted in less than a decade if more advanced biomass or biogas stoves were introduced at a pace compatible with UN targets for achieving universal access to modern energy services by the year 2030.

 “This series explains why green housing and home energy, transport, and urban environments can improve our health – and why the health sector can prevent much disease, at very little cost, by advocating for healthier investments in some key sectors,” says WHO’s Dr Carlos Dora, an epidemiologist and coordinator of the series.

 As much as ¹¹80% of chronic disease is now occurring in lower income countries, where urban growth is driving rapid slum expansion, soaring traffic volumes, air and water pollution and rates of traffic injury.

 “⁹People really cannot make healthy lifestyle choices – unless they have a healthier environment,” Dora observes. “So we, as health professionals, need to promote basic environmental measures that cost the health sector very little, and can avoid many subsequent years of treatment. And these health savings can be captured immediately – while the climate benefits accumulate for the future.”

 Glossário:

Fonte: Disponível em: . Acesso em: 10 jul. 2012. 

Considere os trechos a seguir.

I. “People really cannot make healthy lifestyle choices – unless they have a healthier environment” (ref. 9).

II. “a new global World Health Organization series that looks systematically” (ref. 10).

III. “80% of chronic disease is now occurring in lower income countries” (ref. 11).

 Os segmentos sublinhados em I, II e III apresentam ideia de, respectivamente,

    The perils of counterfeit drugs go way beyond being ripped off by dubious online pill-pushers. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 50 per cent of all medicines sold online are worthless counterfeits. In developing nations fake pills may account for as much as 30 per cent of all drugs on the market. Even in the developed world, 1 per cent of medicines bought over the counter are fakes.

    Some key events illustrate the risk these pose. In Nigeria, 2500 children died in 1995 after receiving fake meningitis vaccines. In Haiti, Bangladesh and Nigeria, around 400 people died in 1998 after being given paracetamol that had been prepared with diethylene glycol – a solvent used in wallpaper stripper. The fakers are nothing if not market-aware: in the face of an outbreak of H5N1 bird flu in 2005, they began offering fake Tamiflu.

    What can be done? The WHO coordinates an umbrella body called the International Medical Products Anti-Counterfeiting Taskforce (IMPACT), an industry initiative that issues alerts when it finds anomalies in the medicine supply chain. Such events include sudden drops in wholesale prices, hinting at fakes coming onto the market, or the mimicking of anti-counterfeiting features on packaging, such as holograms or barcodes, says Nimo Ahmed, head of intelligence at the UK’s Medicine and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency.

New Scientist, 10 July 2010, p. 18. Adaptado.

(FUVEST 2011 1° FASE) Segundo o texto, para conter a venda de medicamentos falsificados, a Organização Mundial da Saúde