(UNIFESP) Reducing food waste would mitigate climate change, study shows

April 7, 2016

Reducing food waste around the world would help curb emissions of planet-warming gases, lessening some of the impacts of climate change such as more extreme weather and rising seas, scientists said on Thursday.

Up to  of emissions from agriculture in 2050 could be avoided by managing food use and distribution better, according to a new study from the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK). “Agriculture is a major driver of climate change, accounting for more than  of overall global greenhouse gas emissions in 2010,” said co-author Prajal Pradhan. “Avoiding food loss and waste would therefore avoid unnecessary greenhouse gas emissions and help mitigate climate change.”

Between  and  of food produced around the world is never eaten, because it is spoiled after harvest and during transportation, or thrown away by shops and consumers. The share of food wasted is expected to increase drastically if emerging economies like China and India adopt western food habits, including a shift to eating more meat, the researchers warned. Richer countries tend to consume more food than is healthy or simply waste it, they noted.

As poorer countries develop and the world’s population grows, emissions associated with food waste could soar from  gigatonnes (GT) of carbon dioxide equivalent per year to between  and  GT annually by mid-century, showed the study published in the Environmental Science & Technology journal. It is widely argued that cutting food waste and distributing the world’s surplus food where it is needed could help tackle hunger in places that do not have enough - especially given that land to expand farming is limited.

But Jürgen Kropp, another of the study’s co-authors and PIK’s head of climate change and development, told the Thomson Reuters Foundation the potential for food waste curbs to reduce emissions should be given more attention. “It is not a strategy of governments at the moment,” he said.

No trecho inicial do quarto parágrafo “As poorer countries develop and the world’s population grows”, o termo em destaque tem sentido equivalente, em português, a

El miedo aún viaja en los trenes

El ambiente que se respira en el tren de la línea C-7 entre Príncipe Pío y Alcalá de Henares es tenso. Unos se sumergen en la lectura del periódico, otros miran fijamente por la ventana o simplemente al suelo. Nadie habla. Hay quienes no dejan de mirar una y otra vez el reloj. “¿Cuándo llegaremos por fin?”, parecen pensar.

Pero desde el 11 de marzo ya nada es como antes en la red de cercanías de Madrid. Y a los cerca de un millón de personas que utilizan este servicio a diario el trauma los perseguirá todavía por mucho tiempo. Un gesto, algún pequeño detalle, muchas veces son suficientes para que los ojos se llenen de lágrimas. Como el crespón negro que el señor de enfrente lleva en señal de luto. O como un anuncio de la empresa estatal de trenes Renfe que publicaban hoy los diarios: “Gracias por vuestra ayuda, por vuestras lágrimas, por vuestra solidaridad, por estar a nuestro lado y al lado de todas las víctimas del horror. Gracias a todos de corazón”, rezaba. Mientras el tren continúa su camino, en el mismo periódico la mirada se fija en la lista de los 182 muertos ya identificados. La mayor, Alicia, tenía 63 años. La menor se llamaba Patricia, era de Polonia y apenas tenía siete meses. Aunque eso no es del todo correcto: en el listado, donde pone “edad”, aparece también la palabra “feto”. Era un bebé que nunca llegó a nacer. A Anabel, su madre, la muerte la sorprendió con 29 años.

Disponível em: http://www.iblnews.com. Acesso em: 17 mar. 2004.

Sobre o texto do cartaz: “11 - Madrid. No os olvidamos”, entende-se que as (a)

The Ant and the Dove

One hot day, an ant was seeking for some water. After walking around for a moment, she came to a spring. To reach the spring, she had to climb up a blade of grass. While making her way up, she slipped and fell unintentionally into the water.

She could have sunk if a dove up a nearby tree had not seen her. Seeing that the ant was in trouble, the dove quickly put off a leaf from a tree and dropped it immediately into the water near the struggling ant. Then the ant moved towards the leaf and climbed up there. Soon it carried her safely to dry ground.

Not long after at that, there was a hunter nearby who was throwing out his net towards the dove, hoping to trap it in this way.

Guessing what he should do, the ant quickly bit him on the heel. Feeling the pain, the hunter dropped his net and the dove flew away quickly from this net.

Disponível em: http://britishcourse.com. Acesso em: 12 jul. 2021.

As fábulas são textos narrativos que apresentam uma moral da história com fins pedagógicos. A moral apresentada no texto tem a intenção de exaltar que 

(FUVEST 2008 1ª FASE) Um aquecedor elétrico é mergulhado em um recipiente com água a 10 ^°C e, cinco minutos depois, a água começa a ferver a 100 ^°C. Se o aquecedor não for desligado, toda a água irá evaporar e o aquecedor será danificado. Considerando o momento em que a água começa a ferver, a evaporação de toda a água ocorrerá em um intervalo de aproximadamente

Calor específico da água = 1,0 cal/(g^°C)

Calor de vaporização da água = 540 cal/g

Desconsidere perdas de calor para o recipiente, para o ambiente e para o próprio aquecedor.

O conceito popular de que a hereditariedade é transmitida pelo nosso sangue reflete-se em vários termos comuns, como “ser do mesmo sangue”, “irmão consanguíneo” e “sangue real”. Mais uma vez, podemos buscar em Aristóteles a origem dessa crença equivocada, ainda assim aceita até o fim do século XIX pela maioria dos biólogos, inclusive Charles Darwin. Gregor Mendel teve um papel central na erradicação das velhas crenças sobre as características hereditárias e na consolidação do estudo da hereditariedade como uma ciência biológica.

(BRODY; BRODY, 2007, p.341)

Com base nas conclusões dos trabalhos com ervilhas-de-cheiro realizados por Mendel e que permitiram desenvolver uma nova compreensão sobre a hereditariedade, é correto afirmar: