O proprietário de uma casa de espetáculos observou que, colocando o valor da entrada a R$ 10,00, sempre contava com 1 000 pessoas a cada apresentação, faturando R$ 10 000,00 com a venda dos ingressos. Entretanto, percebeu também que, a partir de R$ 10,00, a cada R$ 2,00 que ele aumentava no valor da entrada, recebia para os espetáculos 40 pessoas a menos.

Nessas condições, considerando P o número de pessoas presentes em um determinado dia e F o faturamento com a venda dos ingressos, a expressão que relaciona o faturamento em função do número de pessoas é dada por:

 A Revolução Cubana veio demonstrar que os negros estão muito mais preparados do que se pode supor para ascender socialmente. Com efeito, alguns anos de escolaridade francamente aberta e de estímulo à autossuperação aumentaram, rapidamente, o contingente de negros que alçaram aos postos mais altos do governo, da sociedade e da cultura cubana. Simultaneamente, toda a parcela negra da população, liberada da discriminação e do racismo, confraternizou com os outros componentes da sociedade, aprofundando o grau de solidariedade.

Tudo isso demonstra, claramente, que a democracia racial é possível, mas só é praticável conjuntamente com a democracia social. Ou bem há democracia para todos, ou não há democracia para ninguém, porque à opressão do negro condenado à dignidade de lutador da liberdade corresponde o opróbrio do branco posto no papel de opressor dentro de sua própria sociedade.

RIBEIRO, D. O povo brasileiro: A formação e o sentido do Brasil. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 1999 (adaptado).

Segundo Darcy Ribeiro, a ascensão social dos negros cubanos, resultado de uma educação inclusiva, com estímulos à autossuperação, demonstra que

For most, The Gateway International Bridge functions as it should, allowing people to get between the U.S. and Mexico. But on a hot Sunday afternoon, a dozen migrants at the mouth of the bridge weren’t getting anywhere at all. They had been told, once again, to wait.
At a press conference the next day, President Trump once again touted the border wall he has promised supporters. “The wall is getting longer and taller and stronger each and every day”, he said, even though construction has not begun. The President’s characterization of the physical wall was false, but his Administration has effectively erected an invisible one.
It is built, in part, from situations like the one at the bridge, which illustrates the problem with this kind of barrier. The practices that Trump praises for keeping out criminals also punish those who are trying to follow the rules.
Those migrants who spoke to TIME at the bridge had varied stories but shared a determination to cross. Some understood a bit of what could happen to them next. How long could it take to get processed? And if they did ultimately apply for asylum, it remained to be seen whether their stories would qualify. The regulations governing such matters are complicated, and the vast majority who apply are rejected. But in theory, their fates would be decided at immigration courts, not at the border.

TIME, August 23, 2018. Adaptado.

(FUVEST 2019 1° FASE) De acordo com o texto, para ingresso nos Estados Unidos, o cruzamento da fronteira entre este país e o México, no local denominado The Gateway International Bridge, é

 Cyberbullying is harassment through electronic means such as telephone text messages, social media such as Facebook and Twitter or online blogs and bulletin boards. In normal bullying, students are given a daily break from the torment as bully and victim each go to their separate homes. But for victims of cyberbullying, there is no reprieve, as the abuse enters into their private lives. In the US, there are at least 44 states that have anti-bullying laws on the books. While only six of them use the actual word “cyberbullying”, 31 others have laws that specifically mention “electronic harassment”.

Prosecution in the UK is a little more difficult. While all schools are required to have anti-bullying policies in place, cyberbullying itself is not named as a criminal offence. Offenders in the UK would have to be charged under various other laws, including the Protection from Harassment Act of 2003. This makes prosecution much more difficult.

Authorities agree that in order to stop cyberbullying, there has to be parental involvement. Parents need to be vigilant about their children’s access to technology. They should monitor their children’s use of social media, especially children under the age of 14. Bullies are not going to simply disappear, but parents can go a long way in protecting their children from being bullied.

Go! English, ano II, n. 14 (fragmento).

De acordo com o texto, nos Estados Unidos, alguns estados têm leis específicas para assédio via meios eletrônicos. Já no Reino Unido, a instauração de processos contra praticantes de cyberbullying é mais difícil porque: