Cadernos
About half of the world’s population is at risk of contracting dengue, according to the World Health Organization. The mosquito is found in tropical and subtropical climates around the world; however, dengue does not naturally occur in these creatures: the mosquitoes get dengue from us.
The mechanism of dengue infection is simple. Female mosquitoes bite humans because they need the protein found in our blood to produce eggs. (Male mosquitoes do not bite.) If the mosquito bites someone with dengue – and then, after the virus’s roughly eight-to 12-day replication period, bites someone else – it passes dengue into its next victim’s bloodstream.
There is no vaccine against dengue, but infecting mosquitoes with a natural bacterium called Wolbachia blocks the insects’ ability to pass the disease to humans. The microbe spreads among both male and female mosquitoes: infected females lay eggs that harbor the bacterium, and when Wolbachia-free females mate with infected males, their eggs simply do not hatch. Researchers are now releasing Wolbachia-infected females into the wild in Australia, Vietnam, Indonesia and Brazil.
Scientific American, June 2015. Adaptado.
(FUVEST 2016 1° FASE) Segundo o texto, a bactéria Wolbachia, se inoculada nos mosquitos, bloqueia a transmissão da dengue porque
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Study: Literary Criticism Is Still Overwhelmingly Male
By Zach Schonfeld
Women writers are all over the best-seller lists, but literary criticism is still predominantly a male field.
That’s according to the latest numbers from the volunteer organization VIDA: Women in the Literary Arts, which works for gender and racial parity in the literary world. This year’s report covers prestigious publications like The New York Review of Books, which published 227 male reviewers last year but only 54 female reviewers, and The London Review of Books, which published 146 male critics and 44 women during the same period. The Paris Review “made great strides toward gender parity” in 2013, the report notes, but then slid and published substantially fewer women than men in 2014.
As The Guardian points out, those figures are especially striking when you consider that women are more avid readers than men in the U.K., where some of the biggest offenders are based.
The figures are not all disheartening. Major magazines like The New Yorker, The Atlantic and Harper’s all showed increases in the number of women published in 2014.
That data are valuable (without VIDA, the figures would likely go untallied), and the broader awareness even more so. Top editors likely know gender disparity is an issue, but they’re more likely to pay attention to it when an organization like VIDA is paying attention to them.
SCHONFELD, Z. Disponível em: www.newsweek.com. Acesso em: 15 abr. 2015 (adaptado).
No texto, o autor lança mão de palavras como “literary ”, “male” e “female” para apresentar uma matéria jornalística cujo tema está relacionado ao(à)
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