(ENEM 2014 1ª APLICAÇÃO)

Disponível em: http://wefeedback.org. Acesso em: 30 jul. 2012.

A internet tem servido a diferentes interesses, ampliando, muitas vezes, o contato entre pessoas e instituições. Um exemplo disso é o site WeFeedback, no qual a internauta Kate Watts:

Uma luminária em forma de vela foi construída com material de fácil acesso. Para tanto, inicialmente, a metade de um pacote de manteiga foi perfurada com palito de churrasco. Depois, um pedaço de guardanapo (cortado e enrolado) foi usado como pavio, esfregando-se a manteiga na parte que fica para fora. Enfim, a vela foi acesa e colocada em um frasco de vidro para que a chama ficasse estável.

Qual das alternativas a seguir apresenta uma explicação correta sobre a queima dessa vela?

READ THE FOLLOWING TEXT AND CHOOSE THE OPTION WHICH BEST COMPLETES EACH QUESTION ACCORDING TO THE TEXT:

Tech chiefs call on scientists to pause development of AI systems.

Technology experts, including Elon Musk, have urged scientists to pause developing artificial intelligence to ensure it does not pose a risk to humanity. Tech chiefs including Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak and Skype co-founder Jaan Tallinn have signed an open letter demanding all labs stop training AI systems for at least six months.

The letter said: “Recent months have seen AI labs locked in an out-of-control race to develop and deploy ever more powerful digital minds that no one – not even their creators – can understand, predict, or reliably control. Contemporary AI systems are now becoming human-competitive at general tasks, and we must ask ourselves: Should we let machines flood our information channels with propaganda and untruth?” It added: “Powerful AI systems should be developed only once we are confident that their effects will be positive, and their risks will be manageable.” The technology chiefs do not want any AI systems more powerful than new chatbot GPT-4 and called for researchers to focus on making sure the technology is accurate, safe, and transparent.

US tech firm OpenAI has just released its latest version of AI chatbot ChatGPT. It was launched late last year, and it has become an online sensation because of its ability to hold natural conversations and to generate speeches, songs, and essays. The bot can respond to questions in a human-like manner and understand the context of follow-up queries, much like in human conversations. It can even admit its own mistakes or reject inappropriate requests. According to OpenAI, GPT-4 has “more advanced reasoning skills” than ChatGPT but, like its predecessors, GPT-4 is still not fully reliable and may “hallucinate” – a phenomenon where AI invents facts or makes reasoning errors.

The letter said humanity can now enjoy an “AI summer” where it can reap the rewards of the systems but only once safety protocols have been made. It added “Humanity can enjoy a flourishing future with AI. Having succeeded in creating powerful AI systems, we can now enjoy an ‘AI summer’ in which we reap the rewards, engineer these systems for the clear benefit of all and give society a chance to adapt. Society has hit pause on other technologies with potentially catastrophic effects on society. We can do so here. Let’s enjoy a long AI summer, not rush unprepared into a fall.”

(From: https://www.independent.co.uk/tech Access: 04/11/2023. Adapted.)

What does the use of the word to in “… to ensure it does not pose a risk.” indicate? (paragraph 1)

(UECE) O quilo, produto da digestão, é composto pelos nutrientes transformados em moléculas muito pequenas, mais as vitaminas e sais minerais. As substâncias que formam o quilo podem ser absorvidas pelo organismo, por meio das vilosidades do intestino delgado. Uma amostra de quilo retirada do intestino de uma mulher que havia almoçado mostrou-se rica em aminoácidos e glicose, portanto é possível inferir acertadamente que essa pessoa alimentou-se de: