(ESPCEX) Determine o volume (em cm³) de uma pirâmide retangular de altura “a” e lados da base “b” e “c” (a, b e c em centímetros), sabendo que a + b + c = 36 e “a”, “b” e “c” são, respectivamente, números diretamente proporcionais a 6, 4 e 2.

(UFSM) Reducing climate change is good for your health

⁷More ‘climate-friendly’ investments in transport, energy and housing could help prevent significant noncommunicable disease, WHO review finds

 Washington, D.C., 14 June 2011 (PAHO/WHO) – ⁶Greener investments in transport, housing and household energy policies can help prevent significant cardiovascular and chronic respiratory disease, obesity-related conditions and cancers.

 These are among the findings of ¹⁰a new global World Health Organization series that looks systematically, for the first time ever, at the health ‘co-benefits’ of investments in climate change mitigation reviewed by the lntergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).

 Overall, ⁴sustainable development policies in housing, transport, and household energy may benefit health right away – even if the broader climate gains are realized over years or decades.

 ⁵“Some climate change mitigation measures yield broader health gains than others,” says Dr Maria Neira, director of WHO’s Department of Public Health and Environment. “Potential health benefits – as well as certain risks – should be considered more systematically in climate assessments. And if that is done, we can identify strategies that are truly win-win.”

 ²Many forms of asthma and allergies, as well as heart disease and strokes related to increasingly intense heat waves and cold spells could be addressed by more climate-friendly housing measures, the report finds.

 As ⁸other examples of ‘best buys’ for health, initial findings from reviews of other sectors identify considerable evidence that:

 — ¹Investments in, and use of, safe walking/cycling and public transport networks are strongly associated with more healthy physical activity, lower rates of premature mortality, and less obesity. However, the last IPCC report focuses on better fuels and engines as mitigation measures, giving little attention to the much wider benefits offered by policies that favour walking, cycling and public transport. This neglects the broader range of health and social benefits that can be derived from adopting more sustainable transport.

— ³Deaths of more than 1 million people annually from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) due to indoor air pollution from traditional biomass and coal-fired stoves are largely avoidable with more energy efficient stoves. An estimated 15% of this burden in Latin American and Sub-Saharan African could potentially be averted in less than a decade if more advanced biomass or biogas stoves were introduced at a pace compatible with UN targets for achieving universal access to modern energy services by the year 2030.

 “This series explains why green housing and home energy, transport, and urban environments can improve our health – and why the health sector can prevent much disease, at very little cost, by advocating for healthier investments in some key sectors,” says WHO’s Dr Carlos Dora, an epidemiologist and coordinator of the series.

 As much as ¹¹80% of chronic disease is now occurring in lower income countries, where urban growth is driving rapid slum expansion, soaring traffic volumes, air and water pollution and rates of traffic injury.

 “⁹People really cannot make healthy lifestyle choices – unless they have a healthier environment,” Dora observes. “So we, as health professionals, need to promote basic environmental measures that cost the health sector very little, and can avoid many subsequent years of treatment. And these health savings can be captured immediately – while the climate benefits accumulate for the future.”

 Glossário:

Fonte: Disponível em: . Acesso em: 10 jul. 2012. 

Considere os trechos a seguir.

I. “People really cannot make healthy lifestyle choices – unless they have a healthier environment” (ref. 9).

II. “a new global World Health Organization series that looks systematically” (ref. 10).

III. “80% of chronic disease is now occurring in lower income countries” (ref. 11).

 Os segmentos sublinhados em I, II e III apresentam ideia de, respectivamente,

 A demanda mundial para a produção de alimentos aumenta progressivamente a taxas muito altas. Atualmente, na maioria dos países, continentes e regiões, a água consumida na agricultura é de cerca de 70% da disponibilidade total.

TUNDISI, J. G. Recursos hídricos no futuro: problemas e soluções. Estudos Avançados, n. 63, 2008 (adaptado).

Para que haja a redução da pressão sobre o recurso natural mencionado, a expansão da agricultura demanda melhorias no(a)

(ENEM 2010 2º APLICAÇÃO) Hip hop music

Hip hop music is a musical genre which developed as part of hip hop culture, and is defined by key stylistic elements such as rapping, DJing, sampling (or synthesis), scratching and beatboxing. Hip hop began in the South Bronx of New York City in the 1970s. The term rap is often used synonymously with hip hop, but hip hop denotes the practices of an entire subculture.

Disponível em: http://en.wikipedia.org. Acesso em: 8 jul. 2010.

Brazilian hip hop is one of the world’s major hip hop scenes, with active rap, break dance, and graffiti scenes, especially in São Paulo, where groups tend to have a more international style, influenced by old school hip hop and gangsta rap.

Brazilian rap has served as a reflection of political, social, and racial issues plaguing the disenfranchised youth in the suburbs of São Paulo and Rio. The lyrical content, band names, and song names used by Brazilian hip hop artists often connote the socio-political issues surrounding their communities.

Disponível em: http://en.wikipedia.org. Acesso em: 8 jul. 2010 (fragmento).

Sendo a música uma das formas de manifestação cultural de um país, o rap brasileiro, a partir das informações do texto, tem sido caracterizado

(FUVEST 2014 1° FASE) O mecanismo de reabsorção renal da glicose pode ser comparado com o que acontece numa esteira rolante que se move a uma velocidade constante, como representado na figura abaixo. Quando a concentração de glicose no filtrado glomerular é baixa (A), a “esteira rolante” trabalha com folga e toda a glicose é reabsorvida. Quando a concentração de glicose no filtrado glomerular aumenta e atinge determinado nível (B), a “esteira rolante” trabalha com todos os compartimentos ocupados, ou seja, com sua capacidade máxima de transporte, permitindo a reabsorção da glicose. Se a concentração de glicose no filtrado ultrapassa esse limiar (C), como ocorre em pessoas com diabetes melito, parte da glicose escapa do transporte e aparece na urina.

Analise as seguintes afirmações sobre o mecanismo de reabsorção renal da glicose, em pessoas saudáveis:

I. Mantém constante a concentração de glicose no sangue.

II. Impede que a concentração de glicose no filtrado glomerular diminua.

III. Evita que haja excreção de glicose, que, assim, pode ser utilizada pelas células do corpo.

Está correto apenas o que se afirma em