No curso de sua história, a espécie humana tem exercido diversos tipos de interações com o meio natural, sendo a interação com os animais uma das mais proeminentes. Apesar de muitas delas serem benéficas, outras tantas são prejudiciais, tais como as doenças causadas por diversos tipos de animais, particularmente os invertebrados.

Com base nessa informação, assinale a afirmativa correta.

THE FLAT EARTH CRUISE: SERIOUSLY, PEOPLE?

Organizers of an annual conference that brings together people who believe that our planet is not

round are planning a cruise to the supposed edge of the Earth. They’re looking for the ice wall that

holds back the oceans.

The journey will take place in 2020, the Flat Earth International Conference (FEIC) recently

[5] announced on its website. The goal? To test so-called flat-Earthers’ assertion that the Earth is a

flattened disk surrounded at its edge by a towering wall of ice.

Details about the event, including the dates, are forthcoming, according to the FEIC, which calls

the cruise “the biggest, boldest adventure yet”. However, it’s worth noting that nautical maps and

navigation technologies such as global positioning systems (GPS) work as they do because the

[10] Earth is … a globe.

Believers in a flat Earth argue that images showing a curved horizon are fake and that photos of a

round Earth from space are part of a vast conspiracy perpetrated by NASA and other space agencies

to hide Earth’s flatness. “This likely began during the cold war”, the Flat Earth Society (FES) says.

“The U.S.S.R. and U.S.A. were obsessed with beating each other into space to the point that each

[15] faked their accomplishments in an attempt to keep pace with the other’s supposed achievements.”

These and other flat-Earth assertions appear on the website of the FES, allegedly the world’s oldest

official flat Earth organization, dating to the early 1800s.

However, the ancient Greeks demonstrated that Earth was a sphere more than 2.000 years ago,

and the gravity that keeps everything on the planet from flying off into space could exist only on a

[20] spherical world.

But in diagrams shared on the FES website, the planet appears as a pancake-like disk with the

North Pole smacked in the center and an edge “surrounded on all sides by an ice wall that holds

the oceans back”. This ice wall – thought by some flat-Earthers to be Antarctica – is the destination

of the promised FEIC cruise.

[25] There’s just one catch: navigational charts and systems that guide cruise ships and other vessels

around the Earth’s oceans are all based on the principle of a round Earth, says Henk Keijer, a

former cruise ship captain with 23 years of experience.

GPS relies on a network of dozens of satellites orbiting thousands of miles above Earth; signals

from the satellites beam down to the receiver inside of a GPS device, and at least three satellites are

[30] required to pinpoint a precise position because of Earth’s curvature, Keijer explained. “Had the

Earth been flat, a total of three satellites would have been enough to provide this information to

everyone on Earth”. He adds: “But it is not enough, because the Earth is round”.

Whether or not, the FEIC cruise will rely on GPS or deploy an entirely new flat-Earth-based

navigation system for finding the end of the world remains to be seen.

Adaptado de livescience.com, 30/05/2017.

These and other flat-Earth assertions appear on the website of the FES, allegedly the world’s oldest official flat Earth organization, dating to the early 1800s. (l. 16-17)

In relation to the fragment above, the pieces of information introduced in the fifth paragraph (l. 18-20) serve the following purpose:

(UFSC) O campo de batalha é terrível. Há um cheiro de azedo, pesado e penetrante de cadáveres. Homens que foram mortos no último outubro estão meio afundados no pântano e nos campos de nabos em crescimento. As pernas de um soldado inglês, ainda envoltas em polainas, irrompem de uma trincheira, o corpo está empilhado com outros; um soldado apoia o seu rifle sobre eles. Um pequeno veio de água corre através da trincheira, e todo mundo usa a água para beber e se lavar; é a única água disponível. Ninguém se importa com o inglês pálido que apodrece alguns passos adiante.BINDING, Rudolf Georg. Um fatalista na guerra. In: MARQUES, Adhemar et alii. História contemporânea através de textos. 11. ed. São Paulo: Contexto, 2005. p. 119.Sobre a Primeira Guerra Mundial, é CORRETO afirmar que:

Plantas da mesma espécie foram submetidas a três condições experimentais e a taxa de fotossíntese avaliada em função da intensidade luminosa.

Assinale a alternativa que associa corretamente cada condição à respectiva curva.

(UNIT) Em um determinado instante, a parte superior do catavento de uma usina eólica, alternativa economicamente viável para geração de energia elétrica, é atingida, tangencialmente, por ventos que sopram conforme o esquema mostrado na figura.

Admitindo-se que o catavento, com diâmetro de 2,4m, gira com 45rpm, é correto afirmar que a velocidade dos ventos, em km/h, é de,